Ecology

Solar Panel Output Calculator

Estimate daily and monthly energy output from a solar panel.


Solar Panel Output Calculator

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Estimates how much energy a solar panel produces per day from its rated wattage, local peak sun hours, and a system efficiency factor covering real-world losses.

How it works

The panel’s wattage is multiplied by peak sun hours and the system efficiency percentage, then divided by 1,000 to give kilowatt-hours.

What this does not include

This does not include a payback period or cost analysis — for that, use this site’s solar panel payback calculator instead, which starts from a given annual savings figure.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter the panel wattage, average peak sun hours for your location, and a system efficiency estimate.

Frequently asked questions

What are “peak sun hours”?

A standardized measure of how many hours per day the sun delivers energy at full intensity (1000 W/m²) — not the same as total daylight hours.

Why isn’t system efficiency 100%?

Real installations lose some energy to inverter conversion, wiring resistance, heat, dust, and panel aging — a well-installed system typically runs 75-85% efficient.

Is this an exact prediction of my system’s output?

No — it’s an estimate. Actual output varies with weather, shading, panel angle, and seasonal changes in sun hours.

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Written by

P. Nakamura

Chemistry writer

P. Nakamura writes the chemistry calculators, covering solution concentration, stoichiometry, gas laws and colligative properties. Each page separates the definitional part of a formula from the reference constants it depends on, and leaves those constants adjustable where a different solvent or condition would change them. Worked chemistry is only as good as the assumptions stated alongside it.

Reviewed by

D. Petrov

Calculator reviewer — chemistry and environmental science

D. Petrov reviews the chemistry and environmental-science calculators, verifying that reference constants match their stated values and that they remain adjustable wherever a different substance or condition would change them. Review also checks that definitional relationships are not presented as though they required a citation, and that non-definitional values always carry one.

How we write and review

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